Acids and carbonates
What is a carbonate?
Carbonates are compounds that contain the CO3 group.
Sodium hydrogen carbonate also called bi-carb of soda or baking soda is a common household carbonate.
It's chemical formula is NaHCO3
Identify which chemical compounds contain the carbonate group.
Click on the links for the answers.
| No. |
Chemical
|
Carbonate? Yes/No
|
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Na2SO4 sodium sulfate | Is this a carbonate? No |
| 2. | Na2CO3 sodium carbonate | Is this a carbonate? Yes |
| 3. | NaNO3 sodium nitrate | Is this a carbonate? No |
| 4. | CuSO4 copper sulfate | Is this a carbonate? No |
| 5. | CuCO3 copper carbonate | Is this a carbonate? Yes |
| 6. | CaCO3 calcium carbonate | Is this a carbonate? Yes |
| 7. | Ca(NO3)2 calcium nitrate | Is this a carbonate? No |
| 8. | PbSO4 lead sulfate | Is this a carbonate? No |
| 9. | MgCO3 magnesium carbonate | Is this a carbonate? Yes |
| 10. | SiC silicon carbide | Is this a carbonate? No |
Acids and Carbonate Reactions
Key point:
Compounds with a carbonate or CO3 group react with acids to produce carbon dioxide, CO2 gas.
General word equation
Acid + Metal carbonate 
Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide
All carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide gas.
The fizz produced in sherbet is a reaction between a food acid and a carbonate.
The ingredients dissolve in your mouth and react with each other producing the carbon dioxide fizz.
Examples of acid and carbonate reactions
1. Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide
2HCl + Na2CO3 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
2. Sulfuric acid + copper carbonate copper sulfate + water + carbon dioxide
H2SO4 + CuCO3 CuSO4 + H2O + CO2
3. Nitric acid + magnesium carbonate magnesium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide
2HNO3 + MgCO3 Mg(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2
4. Acetic acid + sodium hydrogen carbonate sodium acetate + water + carbon dioxide
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 CH3COONa + H2O + CO2